Gestire un adulto che non risponde

If someone is unresponsive and breathing

Cosa cercare

If someone is not responding to you and you think they are unresponsive, ask loudly: 'Are you alright?' or 'Open your eyes'. If they don't respond, pinch their earlobe or gently shake their shoulders. If they still don't respond, then you can presume they're unresponsive.

Cosa devi fare

Step 1 of 5: Open the airway

• Place one hand on the person's forehead and gently tilt their head back. As you do this, the mouth will fall open slightly.

• Place the fingertips of your other hand on the point of the person's chin and lift the chin.

Apri le vie aeree

Step 2 of 5: Check breathing

• Guarda, ascolta e senti la respirazione normale - movimento del petto, suoni e respiri sulla tua guancia. Fai questo per non più di dieci secondi.

Controlla la respirazione

Step 3 of 5: Put them in the recovery position

• This will keep their airway open.

• Kneel down next to them on the floor.

• The next three steps are for if you find the person lying on their back. If you find them lying on their side or their front you may not need all three.

1. Place their arm nearest you at a right angle to their body, with their palm facing upwards.

2. Prendi il loro altro braccio e posizionalo sul petto in modo che il dorso della mano sia contro la guancia più vicina a te, e tienilo lì. Con l'altra mano, solleva il loro ginocchio lontano e tiralo su fino a quando il piede è piatto sul pavimento.

3. Now you're ready to roll them on to their side. Carefully pull on their bent knee and roll them towards you. Once you've done this, the top arm should be supporting the head and the bent leg should be on the floor to stop them from rolling over too far.

Posizione di recupero

Step 4 of 5: If you suspect spinal injury

• If you think the person could have a spinal injury, you must keep their neck as still as possible. Instead of tilting their neck, use the jaw thrust technique: place your hands on either side of their face and with your fingertips gently lift the jaw to open the airway, avoiding any movement of their neck.

Sospetta lesione spinale

Step 5 of 5: Call for help

• Once you've put them safely into the recovery position, call 999 or 112 for medical help.

• Until help arrives, keep checking the person's breathing.

• If they stop breathing at any point, call 999 or 112 straightaway and get ready to give them CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation - a combination of chest pressure and rescue breaths).

If someone is unresponsive and not breathing

If an adult is unresponsive and not breathing, you'll need to do cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).

CPR involves giving someone a combination of chest compressions and rescue breaths to keep their heart and circulation going to try to save their life. If they start breathing normally again, stop CPR and put them in the recovery position.

Cosa devi fare

If someone is with you, get them to call 999 or 112 for emergency help and ask them to get an automated external defibrillator (AED) if one is available.

How to perform CPR on an adult

Step 1: Giving chest compressions

• Kneel down beside the person on the floor, level with their chest.

• Place the heel of one hand towards the end of their breastbone, in the centre of their chest.

CPR finger position adult

CPR adult

• Place the heel of your other hand on top of the first hand and interlock your fingers, making sure you keep the fingers off the ribs.

• Lean over the person, with your arms straight, pressing down vertically on the breastbone, and press the chest down by 5-6 cm (2-2½ in).

• Release the pressure without removing your hands from their chest. Allow the chest to come back up fully - this is one compression.

• Repeat 30 times, at a rate of about twice a second or the speed of the song 'Staying Alive'.

• Give two rescue breaths.

Step 2: Giving rescue breaths

• Ensure the person's airway is open.

Apri le vie aeree

• Stringi saldamente il loro naso chiuso.

Pinch nose adult

• Fai un respiro profondo e sigilla le tue labbra intorno alla loro bocca.

• Blow into the mouth until the chest rises.

Rescue breath adult

• Togli la bocca e lascia che il petto si abbassi.

Rescue breath pause adult

• Repeat once more.

• Carry on giving 30 chest compressions followed by two rescue breaths for as long as you can, or until help arrives.

• If an automated external defibrillator (AED) arrives switch it on and follow the instructions provided with it.

If the person starts breathing normally again, stop CPR and put them in the recovery position.

Posizione di recupero