Dowling-Degos disease
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Dowling-Degos disease is a skin condition characterised by a lacy or net-like (reticulate) pattern of abnormally dark skin coloring (hyperpigmentation), particularly in the body's folds and creases. These skin changes typically first appear in the armpits and groin area and can later spread to other skin folds such as the crook of the elbow, back of the knee, and under the breasts. Less commonly, pigmentation changes can also occur on the neck, wrists, back of the hands, face, scalp, scrotum, and vulva. These areas of hyperpigmentation typically cause no health problems.
Descrizione
Dowling-Degos disease is a skin condition characterised by a lacy or net-like (reticulate) pattern of abnormally dark skin coloring (hyperpigmentation), particularly in the body's folds and creases. These skin changes typically first appear in the armpits and groin area and can later spread to other skin folds such as the crook of the elbow, back of the knee, and under the breasts. Less commonly, pigmentation changes can also occur on the neck, wrists, back of the hands, face, scalp, scrotum, and vulva. These areas of hyperpigmentation typically cause no health problems.
Individuals with Dowling-Degos disease may also have dark spots (lesions) on the face and back that resemble blackheads, red bumps around the mouth that resemble acne, or pitted scars on the face similar to acne scars but with no history of acne. Fluid-filled sacs within the hair follicle (pilar cysts) may develop, most commonly on the scalp. Rarely, affected individuals have patches of skin that are unusually light in colour (hypopigmented).
In rare cases, individuals with Dowling-Degos disease experience itching (pruritus) or burning sensations on the skin. These feelings can be triggered by UV light, sweating, or friction on the skin.
The pigmentation changes characteristic of Dowling-Degos disease typically begin in late childhood or in adolescence, although in some individuals, features of the condition do not appear until adulthood. New areas of hyperpigmentation tend to develop over time, and the other skin lesions tend to increase in number as well. While the skin changes associated with Dowling-Degos disease may cause distress or anxiety, they typically cause no other health problems.
A condition called Galli-Galli disease has signs and symptoms similar to those of Dowling-Degos disease. In addition to pigmentation changes, individuals with Galli-Galli disease also have a breakdown of cells in the outer layer of skin (acantholysis). Acantholysis can cause skin irritation and itchiness and lead to reddened or missing patches of skin (erosions). These conditions used to be considered two separate disorders, but Galli-Galli disease and Dowling-Degos disease are now regarded as the same condition.
Modelli di ereditarietà
The source lists the following possible inheritance patterns: Autosomal dominant. More than one pattern can apply in different cases.
Related genes
Altri nomi
Dark dot disease
DDD
Dowling-Degos-Kitamura disease
Reticular pigment anomaly of flexures
Reticular pigmented anomaly of flexures
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Ulteriori letture e riferimenti
- Dowling-Degos disease; MedlinePlus, National Library of Medicine.
- Basmanav FB, Oprisoreanu AM, Pasternack SM, Thiele H, Fritz G, Wenzel J, Grosser L, Wehner M, Wolf S, Fagerberg C, Bygum A, Altmuller J, Rutten A, Parmentier L, El Shabrawi-Caelen L, Hafner C, Nurnberg P, Kruse R, Schoch S, Hanneken S, Betz RC. Mutations in POGLUT1, encoding protein O-glucosyltransferase 1, cause autosomal-dominant Dowling-Degos disease. Am J Hum Genet. 2014 Jan 2;94(1):135-43. doi: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2013.12.003.
- Betz RC, Planko L, Eigelshoven S, Hanneken S, Pasternack SM, Bussow H, Van Den Bogaert K, Wenzel J, Braun-Falco M, Rutten A, Rogers MA, Ruzicka T, Nothen MM, Magin TM, Kruse R. Loss-of-function mutations in the keratin 5 gene lead to Dowling-Degos disease. Am J Hum Genet. 2006 Mar;78(3):510-9. doi: 10.1086/500850. Epub 2006 Jan 19.
- Buket Basmanav F, Fritz G, Lestringant GG, Pachat D, Hoffjan S, Fischer J, Wehner M, Wolf S, Thiele H, Altmuller J, Pulimood SA, Rutten A, Kruse R, Hanneken S, Frank J, Danda S, Bygum A, Betz RC. Pathogenicity of POFUT1 in Dowling-Degos disease: additional mutations and clinical overlap with reticulate acropigmentation of kitamura. J Invest Dermatol. 2015 Feb;135(2):615-618. doi: 10.1038/jid.2014.406. Epub 2014 Sep 17. No abstract available.
- Hanneken S, Rutten A, Pasternack SM, Eigelshoven S, El Shabrawi-Caelen L, Wenzel J, Braun-Falco M, Ruzicka T, Nothen MM, Kruse R, Betz RC. Systematic mutation screening of KRT5 supports the hypothesis that Galli-Galli disease is a variant of Dowling-Degos disease. Br J Dermatol. 2010 Jul;163(1):197-200. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2010.09741.x. Epub 2010 Mar 5.
- Li M, Cheng R, Liang J, Yan H, Zhang H, Yang L, Li C, Jiao Q, Lu Z, He J, Ji J, Shen Z, Li C, Hao F, Yu H, Yao Z. Mutations in POFUT1, encoding protein O-fucosyltransferase 1, cause generalized Dowling-Degos disease. Am J Hum Genet. 2013 Jun 6;92(6):895-903. doi: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2013.04.022. Epub 2013 May 16.
- Ralser DJ, Basmanav FB, Tafazzoli A, Wititsuwannakul J, Delker S, Danda S, Thiele H, Wolf S, Busch M, Pulimood SA, Altmuller J, Nurnberg P, Lacombe D, Hillen U, Wenzel J, Frank J, Odermatt B, Betz RC. Mutations in gamma-secretase subunit-encoding PSENEN underlie Dowling-Degos disease associated with acne inversa. J Clin Invest. 2017 Apr 3;127(4):1485-1490. doi: 10.1172/JCI90667. Epub 2017 Mar 13.
- Verma S, Pasternack SM, Rutten A, Ruzicka T, Betz RC, Hanneken S. The First Report of KRT5 Mutation Underlying Acantholytic Dowling-Degos Disease with Mottled Hypopigmentation in an Indian Family. Indian J Dermatol. 2014 Sep;59(5):476-80. doi: 10.4103/0019-5154.139884.
- Zhang J, Li M, Yao Z. Updated review of genetic reticulate pigmentary disorders. Br J Dermatol. 2017 Oct;177(4):945-959. doi: 10.1111/bjd.15575. Epub 2017 Sep 27.
- Zimmermann CC, Sforza D, Macedo PM, Azulay-Abulafia L, Alves Mde F, Carneiro SC. Dowling-Degos disease: classic clinical and histopathological presentation. An Bras Dermatol. 2011 Sep-Oct;86(5):979-82. doi: 10.1590/s0365-05962011000500016. English, Portuguese.
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