mitochondrially encoded tRNA leucine 1 (UUA/G)
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The MT-TL1 gene provides instructions for making a molecule called a transfer RNA (tRNA), which is a chemical cousin of DNA. Transfer RNAs help assemble protein building blocks (amino acids) into functioning proteins. The MT-TL1 gene provides instructions for making a specific form of tRNA that is designated as tRNALeu(UUR). During protein assembly, this molecule attaches to the amino acid leucine (Leu) and inserts it into the appropriate locations in the growing protein.
Normal function
The MT-TL1 gene provides instructions for making a molecule called a transfer RNA (tRNA), which is a chemical cousin of DNA. Transfer RNAs help assemble protein building blocks (amino acids) into functioning proteins. The MT-TL1 gene provides instructions for making a specific form of tRNA that is designated as tRNALeu(UUR). During protein assembly, this molecule attaches to the amino acid leucine (Leu) and inserts it into the appropriate locations in the growing protein.
The tRNALeu(UUR) molecule is present in cellular structures called mitochondria. These structures convert energy from food into a form that cells can use. Within mitochondria, tRNALeu(UUR) is involved in the assembly of proteins that carry out a series of chemical steps called oxidative phosphorylation. This process uses oxygen, simple sugars, and fatty acids to create adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the cell's main energy source.
In certain cells in the pancreas, called beta cells, mitochondria also play a role in controlling the amount of sugar (glucose) in the bloodstream. In response to high glucose levels, mitochondria help trigger the release of a hormone called insulin. Insulin regulates blood glucose levels by controlling how much glucose is passed from the blood into cells to be converted into energy.
Conditions referring to this gene or chromosome
Altri nomi
MTTL1
tRNA leucine 1 (UUA/G)
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Ulteriori letture e riferimenti
- mitochondrially encoded tRNA leucine 1 (UUA/G); MedlinePlus, National Library of Medicine.
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